This course is concerned with how freshwater, especially lake, ecosystem structure and function is changed by human activity (e.g. eutrophication, acidification, toxic substances) and highlights issues confounding remediation strategies, especially future climate change. It includes a consideration of the legislative framework within which freshwater ecosystems are managed nationally and internationally and is exemplified by case studies. The course aims to explore problems of freshwater ecology and management especially in the context of current national and international policies for ecosystem restoration.